What is the term for heat that causes a change in temperature of a substance?

The term for heat that causes a change in temperature of a substance is referred to as sensible heat. Sensible heat is the energy exchanged by a thermodynamic system that results in a temperature change without a change in phase. When you add sensible heat to a substance, its temperature increases, and when you remove it, the temperature decreases. This is contrasted with latent heat, which refers to the energy absorbed or released during a phase change, like when ice melts into water or water vaporizes into steam, without any change in temperature.

Specific heat, on the other hand, is a property of a substance that indicates how much heat is required to raise the temperature of one unit mass of that substance by one degree Celsius. Superheat refers to the state of a vapor above its boiling temperature at a given pressure and does not pertain directly to temperature changes of a substance under its normal conditions of heating or cooling. Thus, the correct identification of sensible heat emphasizes its role in temperature alterations.