What does the term superheat refer to in air conditioning?

The term superheat is defined as the temperature of refrigerant vapor above its saturation temperature. This concept is crucial in air conditioning systems, as it indicates the degree to which the refrigerant vapor is heated beyond its boiling point. Superheat is an important factor in ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of the refrigeration cycle.

When refrigerant leaves the evaporator, it exists as a low-pressure vapor at a specific temperature determined by its pressure. This temperature is known as the saturation temperature. If the vapor is heated further, it becomes superheated. This additional heating is important because it ensures that the refrigerant is fully vaporized before it enters the compressor. Operating with an appropriate level of superheat prevents liquid refrigerant from damaging the compressor, which can occur if refrigerant in liquid form enters the compressor.

Understanding superheat is vital for diagnosing system performance and making necessary adjustments. Total system performance relies on maintaining the right superheat level to balance cooling output and compressor protection.