An accumulator is used to prevent what from reaching the compressor?

An accumulator plays a crucial role in the refrigeration cycle by ensuring that only vapor, not liquid refrigerant, reaches the compressor. In a typical air conditioning system, liquid refrigerant can accumulate at various points, especially in the suction line. If liquid refrigerant enters the compressor, it can cause mechanical damage, as compressors are designed to compress gas and not liquid.

The accumulator acts as a reservoir that collects any liquid refrigerant that may inadvertently reach the suction line. Its design allows vapor to be drawn into the compressor while keeping any liquid trapped within it, thereby preventing potential hydrodynamic shock or flooding, which can lead to compressor failure. This protection is essential to maintain the integrity and longevity of the compressor and the entire cooling system.

Understanding the function of the accumulator is critical for anyone involved in HVAC/R, as it helps ensure the efficient and safe operation of refrigeration systems.